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Original Article

J Korean Gerontol Nurs. 2014 Dec;16(3):288-298. Korean.
Published online Dec 31, 2014.  http://dx.doi.org/10.17079/jkgn.2014.16.3.288
© 2014 Korean Gerontological Nursing Society
Risk for Dysphagia and Nutritional Status in Community-dwelling Elders
Sun Woo Yim,1Young Hae Kim,2and Hyun-Mi Son*2
1Department of Nursing, Dong-Eui Institute of Technology, Busan, Korea.
2College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.

*Corresponding author: Son, Hyun Mi. College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 626-870, Korea. Tel: +82-51-510-8315, Fax: +82-51-510-8308, Email: hmson@pusan.ac.kr
Received August 25, 2014; Revised November 15, 2014; Accepted December 08, 2014.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to examine risk for dysphagia in community-dwelling elders and to identify the level of risk and factors influencing nutritional status.

Methods

During March and April, 2013, face-to-face interviews or self-reports were conducted with 292 elders. The research tools were the Dysphagia Risk Assessment Scale and Full MNA(Mini Nutritional Assessment).

Results

The risk for dysphagia had a mean score of 9.23 points and 63.7% of the participants were in the risk group. The mean score for nutritional status was 22.28. Over half of the participants (56.2%) were regarded as being in the risk group for malnutrition, whereas 8.2% were regarded as being in the malnutrition group. In terms of the factors influencing nutritional status, the most significant factor was risk for dysphagia, followed by educational level and calf circumference.

Conclusion

The findings indicate that more than half of the community-dwelling elders were at risk for dysphagia or in a state of malnutrition risk. The risk for dysphagia was a major factor influencing nutritional status. Therefore, dysphagia should be considered as a major health problem in older adults and should be assessed and managed early enough to avoid malnutrition.

Keywords: Dysphagia, Nutritional status, Elderly, Community.

Tables


Table 1
Risk for Dysphagia and Nutritional Status of the Elders in the Community (N=292)


Table 2
Nutritional Status according to General Characteristics (N=292)


Table 3
Nutritional Status according to Eating Habits (N=292)


Table 4
Relationship between Risk for Dysphagia and Nutritional status (N=292)


Table 5
Factors Predicting Nutritional Status (N=292)

Notes

This article is a revision based on a part of the first author's master's thesis from Pusan National University.

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